Psychology Concepts

From PsychWiki - A Collaborative Psychology Wiki

These pages aim to describe psychology concepts. It is hoped that by making this a collaborative process, these pages will be more up to date and easier to digest than alternative methods of finding out what is currently going on in a subject (ie. textbooks, journal articles, etc...).

Please add your knowledge by editing these pages or you can add a page if one doesn't exist. If you still need convincing, click here to find more about Why contribute to Psychwiki?.

Contents 1 Concepts covered or to be covered 1.1 Affect/Emotion 1.2 Behavior 1.3 Cognition 1.4 Motivation 1.5 Personality 1.6 The Self 1.7 Situation 1.8 Theory/Other 2 Example Topics 3 A Taxonomy for Psychology 3.1 What could each topic page contain? 3.2 What are the benefits of a taxonomy? 4 Wikipedia Links

Concepts covered or to be covered

Feel free to add something to the below concept lists....

[edit] Affect/Emotion Anger Anxiety Apathy Arousal Attachment Attraction Interpersonal Attraction Catharsis Empathy Frustration Gratitude Guilt Happiness Helplessness Intergroup Anxiety Love Love Styles: U.S vs. Japan Regret The Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion Shame Stress Emotion Regulation Misattribution of Arousal Paradigm Sternberg's Triangle	[edit] Behavior Aggression Altruism Bargaining Binge Drinking Brainwashing Bullying Cheating Communication Competition Cooperation Conformity Asch's Conformity Study Crime Deception Discrimination Language Linguistic Intergroup Bias Lying Obedience Milgram's Study of Obedience Model of Helping Prosocial Behavior Racism Self-affirmation Sex Sexism Smoking Tasks Vicarious Retribution Violence War	[edit] Cognition Actor/Observer Bias Attitudes Attitude Accessibility Attribution Belief in a Just World Causal Attribution Cognitive dissonance theory Cognitive Load Cognitive Miser Collective Responsibility Comparison Confidence Counter-Attitudinal Advocacy Cross Categorization Decision Making Deindividuation Discounting Dual attitudes Entitativity Gambler's Fallacy Impressions Information Judgment Morality Optimism Out-Group Homogeneity Persuasion Prejudice Prejudice and Intergroup Relations Reciprocity Norm Representative Heuristic Salience Self-awareness Social Comparison Theory Social Perception Stereotype Stereotype Threat Effects of Stereotypes Trust Transactive memory Unconscious Thought Theory What is Beautiful is Good Stereotype and the Halo Effect Zeigarnik Effect	[edit] Motivation Approach/Avoidance Ego-Depletion Goal Shielding Nonconscious Goal Pursuit Regulatory Fit Regulatory Focus Self-Control Self-Regulation
[edit] Personality Agreeableness Attachment Style Choice Motivation Orientation Empathy Extroversion Intelligence Narcissism Neuroticism Openness to Experience Self-efficacy Self-esteem Social Dominance Orientation	[edit] The Self Contingencies of Self-Worth Escaping the Self Looking-glass Self Self-Affirmation Self-Certainty Self-Concept Self-Concept Clarity Self-Deception Self-Discrepancy Theory Self-Enhancement Self-Esteem High Self-esteem: Secure v. Fragile Self-Evaluation Maintenance Self-handicapping Self-Perception Self-Presentation Self-Schemata Self-serving bias Self-Verification Sociometer Theory	[edit] Situation Additive Task Alcohol Bystander Effect Cannabis Children of Alcoholics Collective Punishment Friendship Intimate Relationships and Commitment Group Communication Group Influence Groupthink Hypnosis Intimate Relationships Jigsaw Classroom Law Noise Politics Priming Punishment Religious Rationality Social Facilitation Social Influence Social Support Sports Terrorism	[edit] Theory/Other Anthropomorphism Culture and Gender Attribution Theory False Memory Syndrome Functional Attitudes Theory Moral Psychology Personal Space Restorative Justice Terror Management Theory (TMT) System Justification Theory

Example Topics

• Cross Categorization
• Happiness

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also:

• All topics

A Taxonomy for Psychology

This taxonomy is designed to help you think systematically about what might be missing or relevant to a particular page. Use it as a tool, but feel free to create the best page you can using or not using these ideas.

See here for a fuller description of the taxonomy as a organizing principle.

Psychology is generally the study of people's affect, behavior, and cognition in various situations, often described by various theories. As such, each topic page could fall into one of these 6 categories (in parentheses below).

As an example, the "Intergroup Contact Theory" page (Theory) would likely link to all of the following topic pages:

• (Personality) The racist page (or racism scale page) detailing how individual differences in racism are measured.
• (Situation) The intergroup contact page detailing aspects of situations that mediate/moderate racism, prejudice, and stereotyping.
• (Affect) The prejudice page which would contain a part about the moderating effects of intergroup contact.
• (Cognition) The stereotype page which would also discuss the moderating effects of intergroup contact.
• (Behavior) The racism page which would detail the moderating effects on racist behavior of intergroup contact.

In an ideal world, all of these pages would be interlinked. As well, the prejudice page would contain links to other situations which moderated prejudice, types of affect that are correlated with prejudice, cognitive processes which lead to prejudice, scales that measured individual differences in prejudice, and behaviors that are the result and that affect prejudice, among other things.....

What could each topic page contain?

Let's say that we are talking about XXX. A page on XXX could answer the following questions:

• (Definition) What is XXX? What are related concepts? How is XXX different from these related concepts?
• (Personality) What are the individual differences in XXX and how are they measured? What personality measures moderate XXX?
• (Situation) What situations moderate XXX? Are there any necessary or sufficient situational conditions for XXX?
• (Affect) What affective states mediate/moderate XXX? What affective states are caused by XXX?
• (Cognition) What cognitions mediate/moderate XXX? What cognitions are caused by XXX?
• (Behavior) What behaviors mediate/moderate XXX? What behaviors are caused by XXX?
• (Theory) What theories relate to XXX?
• (Who) Who works on XXX? Who studies it? Who created/edited the XXX topic page on Psychwiki?
• (Other Resources) What other resources on XXX exist? (provide links/URLS)

Each section could contain citations of various papers and descriptions of the specific work that has been done. Ideally, keeping this up to date would be a collaborative effort such that each entry would contain a complete summary of what is known about XXX.

What are the benefits of a taxonomy?

Psychology has existed without a taxonomy, but I believe that answering the above questions in a more systematic fashion will allow psychology to move towards becoming a more complete science. Complete entries in this fashion should allow us to better identify what has been studied and what needs to be studied in order to make our understanding more complete. Linking these together should help us make sense of the vast array of terminology and concepts that only gets bigger with each new journal issue.

Wikipedia Links

Wikipedia has numerous entries on topics that relate to Social and Personality Psychology. Some of the topics overlap with what we are trying to do here and are referenced from our pages. Some of the topics are more general.

w:social_psychology